<item><hi format=bold>International disputes:</hi> southern half of the boundary with Somalia is a Provisional Administrative Line; territorial dispute with Somalia over the Ogaden
<item><hi format=bold>Climate:</hi> tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation
<item><hi format=bold>Terrain:</hi> high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley
<item><hi format=bold>Natural resources:</hi> small reserves of gold, platinum, copper, potash
<item><hi format=bold>Land use:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>arable land:</hi> 12%
<item>• <hi format=ital>permanent crops:</hi> 1%
<item>• <hi format=ital>meadows and pastures:</hi> 41%
<item>• <hi format=ital>forest and woodland:</hi> 24%
<item>• <hi format=ital>other:</hi> 22%
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Irrigated land:</hi> 1,620 sq km (1989 est.)
<item>• <hi format=ital>natural hazards:</hi> geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts
<item>• <hi format=ital>international agreements:</hi> party to—Endangered Species; signed, but not ratified—Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Note:</hi> landlocked—entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 27 April 1993